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H. C. Klinkert
Hillebrandus Cornelius Klinkert (June 11, 1829 – November 20, 1913) was a Dutch Mennonite missionary and translator. He was born in Amsterdam and worked as an engineer in a machine factory at Rotterdam and on a Rhine barge before he contacted the DZV (Doopsgezinde Zendings Vereeniging) in 1851 with a request to be sent as a missionary. Klinkert was also known for his ability to translate the Bible into different dialects of Malay so that the Javanese people could access the Gospel, and completed his first entire translation at the end of 1878.〔Jan Sihar Aritonang, Karel Steenbrink ''A history of Christianity in Indonesia'' 2008 p154 "The Klinkert Bible was generally used in the Malay (Indonesian) speaking churches until 1974 (New Testament 1938)."〕〔Philip A. Noss ''A history of Bible translation'' 2007 "Raffles set up the Bible Society of Java as an auxiliary of the British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS). ... Klinkert saw the need for a translation more easily understood than Leijdecker's because his Indonesian wife only understood"〕
== Education ==
Klinkert was educated as a surveyor, and received training in the seminary of the Nederlandsche Zendeling Genootschap (NZG) at Rotterdam for his future missionary service. In February 1856 before Klinkert had finished his schooling, seminary director H. Hiebink requested that the DZV withdraw him. Klinkert was an older student and it was therefore more difficult for him to accept guidance but S. Hoekstra who was the pastor of the Rotterdam Mennonite church would defend him. The problem was settled and they would land in Batavia, Java in 1856. He would arrive in Jepara early in October where he would study with Pieter Jansz (missionary) (1820–1904). When Klinkert was accepted by the DZV to work alongside Jansz in October 1863, he took two years to study the language before he started his work on Bible translation.
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